DevOps interview questions

DevOps interview questsions:
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1) What are the build tools you are using and how you can create artifacts and where are you keeping the artifacts?

In our project we are using Maven build tool which has project management and build capability.
our build team generates the artifacts(war or jar or ear) then we will store it in the Nexus Repository and from there deployment team will take the war file and deploy it on tomcat, jboss, weblogic or WAS based on their requirement.

2) What are the various continuous integration tools are available in the market? which one you are using?

Jenkins
Cruise Control
Bamboo
Travis
Team City

we are using Jenkins for continuous integration which is helping us for continuous build as well as continuous integration purpose.

3) What is DevOps all about ?

DevOps is the combination of development and Operations team which will help the project team to stream line their process or optimize their process with respect to communication, collaboration, Integration and automation.

4) How can you make sure that developer machine is equal to your stg, qa and production machines?

Using docker container tool we will create all the environments and test our application on all these environments.

5) What is the puppet?
Puppet is one of the popular confiugration management tools, which will help us to automate the server software installation and its configuration.

6) What are the puppet manifests?
Puppet manifests contain the resources,are basic building blocks of system/server.

7) Where can you find the puppet ssl certificates?
Puppet ssl certificates are stored in /var/lib/puppet/ssl , this path is available in puppet.conf and path can be changed.

8) What is default port for puppet?
default port is 8140

9) what is puppet modules?
Puppet module is collection of puppet manifests files, static files, templates, libraries, facter etc.

10) What is facter?
Facter is information about the server/machine that we are going to configure.

11) What are the monitoring tools are available in the market?
Nagios, Zebbix, Zeboss, Sensu, UCD, New Relic.

12) How can you setup puppet master and puppet agent architecture?
In Puppet master: we have to install yum install puppetmaster
In Agent: Puppet client should be installed and it should be certified by the puppet master.
All puppet certificates are available in the /var/lib/puppet/ssl

13) What are Docker usecases?
Docker use cases are plenty, it is mainly focuses on the developer productivity, and improve the developer testing capability to test the applications on different environment without changing the system because docker works within the operating system.
It allows the developer to deploy the code faster comapared to any other tools.
Becuase of containerization you can start easily stop,start and restart easily.

14) What is continuous Delivery and why it is imporant?
Continous delivery involves continuous build and continous deployment in all the environments without any manual intervention.
Each and every developer update immediately will go to the delivery without any manual intervention.

15) what is the version control tool you are using in your project?
In our project we are using Git open source software version control system for all our source code.

16) What is main difference between hypervisor and container?
Hypervisor is hardware level virtualization and where as container operating system level virtualization.

17) What are the installation types in Puppet?
Puppet Enterprise
Pupperforge
Masterless puppet

18) What are the docker advantages?
Easy to create and share the images
Images run the same way in all the environments, which has great benefit to replicate same code in all the environments.
Easily run the entire stack in dev
Minimal overhead
Better resource utilization
Disadvantage:
to manage persistent data is somewhat difficult.

19) What is Terraform?
Terraform is a tool to provision the infrastructure

20) What is git stash command?
Git stash command will help you to save the data currently you are working on.
eg: if you edit one file and updating file and immediately some reason you git checkout otherbranch.
whatever updates you have done in this current location will go away if you do not stash it.